{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1080/15323269.2025.2569305| issn = 1532-3269| pages = 1–29| last1 = Ahmad| first1 = Suhaib J. S.| last2 = Khalil| first2 = Miriam| last3 = Khalid| first3 = Ali Waleed| last4 = Khamise| first4 = Ameer| last5 = Rawaf| first5 = David| last6 = Ahmed| first6 = Ahmed R.| last7 = Lala| first7 = Anil| last8 = Gelber| first8 = Edgar| last9 = Whiteley| first9 = Graham| last10 = Agarwal| first10 = Anurag| last11 = Pouwels| first11 = Sjaak| last12 = Hajibandeh| first12 = Shahab| last13 = Yang| first13 = Wah| last14 = Parmar| first14 = Chetan| last15 = Kermansaravi| first15 = Mohammad| last16 = Mawby| first16 = Joy| last17 = Jones-Fullerton| first17 = Caitlin| last18 = Fyntanidou| first18 = Barbara| last19 = Hossain| first19 = Md Sadbean| last20 = Egan| first20 = Richard| last21 = Hautz| first21 = Wolf E.| last22 = Ribordy| first22 = Vincent| last23 = Exadaktylos| first23 = Aristomenis K.| title = Disparities in Surgical Research Output Between Hospital Systems and National Healthcare Research Institutions: A Systematic Review of Global Trends| journal = Journal of Hospital Librarianship| date = 2025-10-21}}